Modern music, at least in the classical sense, covers the period from 1890 to 1930 and is a reaction against the previous Romantic movement that is generally considered to have lasted for the 95 years from 1815 to 1910.
The Romantic movement was a rebellion against the stylized rationality of the Enlightenment and sought to emphasize Nature, the past (particularly the Middle Ages), the mystic and supernatural, and Nationalism.
Modernism on the other hand celebrated the accomplishments of science and industry and encouraged experimentalism with the elements of music including tonality, rhythm, melody, and harmony. As a result is sounded very strange and novel to audiences at the time and generated quite a bit of controversy-
Those kids today, they don’t listen to real music. It’s nothing but noise.
The 3 composers most commonly associated with the rise of Modernism are Gustav Mahler, Richard Strauss and Claude Debussey.
Mahler was much more famous as a conductor than a composer and was not exactly considered prolific which is probably just as well as his works were not very popular. He paid the bills and made his reputation on wildly successful stagings of popular Operas and Symphonies by the late Romantics, eventually ending his career in New York as the conductor of the Metropolitan Opera, the New York Symphony Orchestra, and the New York Philharmonic.
The piece I’ve chosen today, the Eighth Symphony, has kind of a weird history. Just before it’s debut Mahler discovered his wife Alma, was having an affair with Walter Gropius. Mahler was kind of upset and went to Sigmund Freud for analysis. Alma agreed to stay but continued her affair with Gropius. Still, this symphony is dedicated to her. Mahler died the next year.
This particular performance is the Vienna Philharmonic conducted by Leonard Bernstein.
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